outline of paper

There are many alternatives to animal testing. There are selective formulation, human cultures, physiological chip, cellular tests, microdosing. These are very helpful to stop all the pain there has been to animals, especially rabbits. There are also some groups and other programs that are here to help stop the animals being tested.
Selective Formulation is where you pick things that has been tested and you make something new. It stops the need to test more. There are many companies that have started to use this process. They need to use this to help with their product lines and making sure that is isn't being used with animals.
Human Cultures are used with Epiderm and EpiSkin. Those are where human cells are grown in test tubes. They are made to be a replica of human cells. These are very helpful. They are the same as human cells so then you can test make-up and cleaning products on them instead of using the skin of animals like rabbits. There is also another test tube test called Corrositex. That is used in the same way, but has a gird to see color changes. EpiOcular is a small layer of skin that is put together to be made to be like a cornea and that EpiOcular test can be used to do the same tests that are done on the rabbits cornea, its very helpful because the tests can be more accurate because its a "human cornea" not a rabbits. These test can also have the skin be taken from a person who is having surgery. they can take the skin from surgeries like Breast-reduction. Skin taken from surgeries are the main kind of tissue available at the NDRI. The NDRI is like a blood bank but only for tissue. Its non-profit and has more than 100 types of different kind of tissues. The NDRI and this other group called Asterand both give human skin cells to be researched.
There is also a physiological chip. all this is is basically a microchip of humans. it is 1x1 inch and it has skin cells. these chips mimic the what the human body does. So then it can be used to test medicines and other things like that and be very accurate to a human. They can also test on the organs in the body like the liver to test what effects certain things have on it. This chip was made by Hurel Corporation in Beverly Hills California.
The Cellular test is where it uses white blood cells and they put different things in with them like chemicals and then that will help to show if there is any fever or any other side effect from the chemicals. That is especially used for things like intravenous injection medications. This is used in replace of rabbits tests. In Europe they approved five of these tests.
Then the Mircodosing test is where they get a person to get injections of something. but its a very small amount and then the researchers tract how it is taken in by the body. there are no animals involved and there are only volunteered people to do this.
There are also many groups availible that try and help with stopping animal testing. one of thos groups is the PETA. They PETA help with other groups and some doctors to stop testing and killing animals. PETA is showing the world that there are other ways to test products that don't involve animals and that are cheaper and safer in then end for humans. There is medical schools in England that have not used animal tesing in over 100 years. There are also many companies that dont use animals as testing. they use the other tests that are availible.
The ADI is a group that has been protesting animal testing and animals in entertainment all over the world. They help in animal rescue and help educate people on animal testing for many years. The ADI has been a major part of the stopping animal testing and has had many undercover investigations and many legal hearings and has showed how animals are treated and that has lead to many campanins and other hearings to stop this. The ADI is mostly helping monkeys and perimates. but they also help find other ways to test products that don't involve animals. The ADI is a part of LDF which is Fund for Humane Research.

Annotations: 8

There was an animal Enterprise Terrorism act. that is where it's illegal to threaten animal researchers or their family. It is horrible how people have been treating the animal researchers. they have been threatening and everything like that. They use primates for medical testing and other animals like that in the Madison clinic.

Annotations: 7

This article thinks that it is a good idea to do animal testings. and they think that it is beneficial to do it. but i do disagree with this article. they think that it is the safest way to do testings. They say that it is a good thing to do since millions of people are dying of diseases and that the only way is to have this be tested on animals. but there are problems with that. He does think that the testings will be moved to having done by computers but he doesn't think that will be done for maybe another 20 years or so... He thinks "there is a moral obligation to do medical experiments on animals."

Annotations: 6

There are many new inventions to help animal testing. One of them are the 1in x 1in square of cells that are used with testing. They mimic the use of the human body. this can help the animal testing too. we can test on that since it is way more like the human since it comes from humans than it would be to test animals. there could be something different with animals that can effect how it would be on humans. it is much safer for everyone if it is tested on something that is more like humans than animals are.

Annotations: 5

There is a new company that is making changes to make artificial hearts and things like that to be tested on instead of animals. There was an articial heart made about 20 years ago. if there are many more of these things made then it will get rid of the 50 to 100 million animals being tested every year. this is a great new invention and it will be very helpful to the animals being tested. There is also computer software that is used to replicate the tissue and skin, things like that. And it can be used instead of animal testing. this is also a great invention as well. but a lot of people don't think that reducin animals testing is a good outcome or goal. and many people don't think it will happen

Annotations: 4

There is something going around that the donations to charities and things like that may go to animal testing. many people are making sure that they check where their money is going to make sure it goes to a better, more innovation research then animal testing. No health charity has to have animal testing. There is no good animal testing. it does hurt them. but donations do help animals but don't go to animal testing.

Annotations: 3

There is a group called ADI and they are here to stop animals testing and to help stop animals in entertainment. there is many things that needs to be stopped for animals. ADI is mostly trying to help this with primates but they are also helping other animals as much as they can. there are many groups out there like this and they are all wanting to help animals. LDF helped to stop the studys of animal brain scans too.

Annotations: 2

In this article there is a group of people called PETA that has been thinking of ways to change things so that there are no more animal testing. for example the medical schools in England have not used animals for testing in over 100 years. but PETA has been thinking of ways that are safer for animals and humans in the ways products are tested. they are even starting to use cell cultures. but the ways we can all help is to read labels and try not to buy any products that have been tested on animals.

Annotations-1

there are many ways that you can see what products have been tested on animals or not. but the food and drug administration won't sell any over the counter drugs without them being tested on animals. there have been many improvements that have been made so that there won't have to be that many animal testings. There is a way where you can take human cells and reproduce them and then take those and have the tests on that. it doesn't hurt anyone and it makes the same tests. and it may even be More effective since its being tested on humans instead of the animals. then animals are not the ones using the product being tested.

RAFT: show don't tell

When you get to my favorite place you walk up the side walk that is somewhat cracked and has old leaves that have blown off the trees on it. There are cactuses of all shapes and sizes up the side walk. you get to a black metal gate that is somewhat rusted and it scratches the ground when you pull it open. The ground is a little rusty from that. then you get onto a deck that has red bricks on the ground that are all bumped up from tree truncks from the tree in the middle of the deck. there is a screen door that has a weird kind of knob that you have to turn weird to get in. the house from the outside looks like a white/cream color and has a red roof. The house is in a condo like structure and has some more buildings connected to it as well. This place is really nice and has warm weather all the time. It is right by the mountains and has a great view of them. there is alot of grass in the front of the house with a shuffel board court in the front. and there is a pool down the street that belongs to the house.

RAFT: spring break

Spring Break started on Friday. We had finals on wed and Thurs. but i had to wait until Monday to leave for vacation. i went to Orlando Florida with my friend Caitlin. we stayed in Kissimee. it is about 10min from Orlando. we were in a nice condo. when we were there we went to Universal Studios for 2 days. Tuesday and Wednesday. Wednesday was Caitlin's birthday. but we didn't celebrate it until the next day. we went out to eat at Fridays. Caitlin's step dad said that it was her birthday to them and she had to stand on the table while everyone sung happy birthday to her. it was really funny because then the fire alarms went off. but it was OK someone hit it on the way out of the restaurant. that day it was raining too, but for them when it rains it only rains for about like 10-15Min's. then Friday we just stayed in the condo and packed and watched TV. we went to the airport at 6:30 and returned the car to the car rental, checked our bags, then we ate at the food court. we had pizza and krispy kreams lol. after that we went in security and got done with that. we had an hour before the plane was going to come. but it turns out it was going to be another hour because the plane was held up somewhere in Mexico. but we ended up landing at home at about 12 and we ended up getting home at 1:30. i slept when i was on the plane so when i got home all i did was watch some movies because everyone else was sleeping lol. but i would have wanted to go to my house in Arizona. i like it down there.

problem solution essay OUTLINE

attention-getter:

There are many different things that are wrong and need to be fixed. but there is one major one that needs to be fixed. Global Warming. Global Warming is caused mostly by pollution. but the effects of it are very great. there is the heat increase, the ice caps melting, animals that are being killed because of this. and the weather changes very much with how many storms there are and how heavy the storms get.

Body:

paragraph 1:

Pollution is a major cause of Global Warming. It has been increased a lot since most house holds have cars. The cars let off the fuel and put that into the air. Which then goes and makes holes in the ozone layer. The ozone is the layer of the earth and keeps the unwanted rays of the sun out. Without this the earth’s heat will increase.

Paragraph 2:

There has been about a 1 degree heat increase on the Earth. This may not seem like much but it is. It makes it hotter all over. If you look at Minnesota it used to snow and be colder than it is now. Yes we do still get snow and very cold days. But the temperature could go from about -15 one day to 40 the next. That just isn’t normal.

Paragraph 3:

With this heat the polar ice caps will be melting. If they melt the animals that live on them would have no place to stay on and it have been proven that many polar bears have been drowning because they could not find a place to stay on. And the food that the animals eat would try to move to a colder place, or dying because it is too warm for them too.

Paragraph 4:

There have been many more major storms around. If you look at all the hurricanes and earthquakes and how much more intense they have been. It is all somewhat caused by the same thing. Global Warming. There is also all of those typhoons and title waves. But there were also some major tornados around St.Louis. There really have not been any around there this intense in a long time.

Conclusion:

There is many things cause by Global Warming and that are causing it. We should do anything we can to try and fix this now. Its not just going to go away on its own. If we don’t try and fix it now many animals will be extinct and the ice caps will melt and raise the level of the oceans and many major cities will be covered in water. Also there will be more storms that may be worse than they have ever been before. We need to do something to fix this. You can’t just stand back and watch till someone else try’s to do something.

DAY 5- Global Warming as an Alarmist

Alarmist...

There are many problems in the World with global warming and things like that. global warming is effecting the temperature of the earth that is helping the ice caps melt. if they were to melt that would be really bad for the planet. the ocean levels would increase by a lot and it would cover some of the land and putting some major cities under water. Global warming is an effect of something called green house gasses. they are cause by everyday pollution. it is causing there to be a hole in the ozone which helps keep some of the suns rays away. so that's why its getting so much warmer. once that happens like i said the ice caps will melt. not only to cover parts of the earth and put it under water it would also cause the extinction of many animals that live on the ice. polar bears already have seen a decrease in the amount of them. we need to start doing something now to help this so it doesn't get any worse.

DAY 3: tartan problem

problem...

The problem is that Tartan doesn't really have the heat on when they need to. It is always cold in most of the rooms. And we need our heat.

evidence...

it is usually cold in the classes and sometimes it is so cold that we get goose bumps and it is around 60 degrees in the class. some classes have thermometers

contributing factors...

the contributing factors is the weather and how cold it has been. if we need to be in school we should at least have some heat. people need to wear their jackets, but sometimes we really cant because it is against the school dress code.

solution...

the solution would be that we can turn the heat on. simple as that. but i do know that our school is trying to save all this energy. but instead of using less heat they should use less lights. they can turn off a lot of the lights when people are in class and not in the halls.

DAY 1: journal preview

the prompt i used was the one where when you babysit for a couple and they never get home on time. well the problem there is that you want them back so that you can go home. it might be kinda late and you would want some rest depending on what you have done earlier that day. but for this problem if you wanted to fix it you could ask the couple to try and get home on time for you because there might be something else that you would need to do and just to get home. like for me when i babysit they say they will be home at like 10 they usually then don't get home until 12. and it really bothers me sometimes. but i really don't say anything. i guess if i wanted to i could though.

DAY 1: RAFT assignment

In the article the main point is that children now a days don't know what it's like to be said no to. They also say that teacher's really don't feel like giving out a lower grade than a C. But really for me i do think that some of this is true. but i really wouldn't think that its any different than it was when i was younger. i know that i was littler my parents would say "no" and mean it. and i do see where they could be getting that there really isn't many "no"s now like my little cousin...i swear he gets what he wants. but there were still some kids who got what they wanted when i was that age too. for a solution in this article i really didn't see where there was one. all i read about was how different it is and how this is called DDD. I'm sure there are things people could do, i really didn't see one in this article.